Oral Manifestations Of Syphilis Research Articles

Oral manifestations of syphilis: Knowledge and skills of senior dental students and newly graduated dentists.

To evaluate the knowledge of senior dental students and newly graduated dentists about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral manifestations of syphilis. A 32-question questionnaire was designed with three domains: (I) demographic, academic and professional data of the participants, (II) attitudes, practices and self-perception regarding training about syphilis and (III) knowledge about syphilis. All knowledge responses were classified as correct or incorrect. Scores ranging from 1 to 14 were calculated, and grades were assigned to each participant according to their level of knowledge. The sample comprised 408 dental students and 339 newly graduated dentists. The mean score was 7.70 ± 3.35 for undergraduates and 9.09 ± 3265 for dentists. The highest frequency of correct answers (>70%) was attributed to questions about the aetiology, transmission and treatment of syphilis. The questions with the lowest frequency of correct answers (<50%) were about the identification of oral manifestations and stages of syphilis. The knowledge of dental practitioners and academics about the oral manifestations of syphilis was unsatisfactory. The lack of understanding of these aspects can delay the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this disease, which is concerning given the steady increase in cases in recent years.

ORAL MANIFESTATIONS OF SECONDARY SYPHILIS: A CASE REPORT

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum infection. Oral manifestations of secondary syphilis can be more extensive and variable than those of primary syphilis. A 57-year-old female presented a one-month history of mouth and throat ulcers. Extraoral examination revealed cervical lymphadenopathy and erythematous spots on her wrists and side of left foot. Intraorally, there were multiple erosive plaques on palatine tonsils, border of the tongue, and lower labial mucosa. Diagnostic hypotheses included erythema multiforme, pemphigus vulgaris, and syphilis. Incisional biopsy was performed and histopathological analysis revealed chronic inflammatory infiltrate rich in lymphocytes and plasma cells. Therefore, infection was suspected and serological tests were performed. VDRL, TPPA, and FTA-ABS tests yielded positive results, indicating a diagnosis of syphilis. Antibiotic therapy was begun, and oral and skin lesions disappeared within one month. Clinicians must be familiarized with the oral manifestations of syphilis, an emerging disease with varied clinical aspects. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum infection. Oral manifestations of secondary syphilis can be more extensive and variable than those of primary syphilis. A 57-year-old female presented a one-month history of mouth and throat ulcers. Extraoral examination revealed cervical lymphadenopathy and erythematous spots on her wrists and side of left foot. Intraorally, there were multiple erosive plaques on palatine tonsils, border of the tongue, and lower labial mucosa. Diagnostic hypotheses included erythema multiforme, pemphigus vulgaris, and syphilis. Incisional biopsy was performed and histopathological analysis revealed chronic inflammatory infiltrate rich in lymphocytes and plasma cells. Therefore, infection was suspected and serological tests were performed. VDRL, TPPA, and FTA-ABS tests yielded positive results, indicating a diagnosis of syphilis. Antibiotic therapy was begun, and oral and skin lesions disappeared within one month. Clinicians must be familiarized with the oral manifestations of syphilis, an emerging disease with varied clinical aspects.

Primary syphilis of the oropharynx mimicking a neoplasm.

Syphilis is surging in Japan and worldwide among both homosexual and heterosexual individuals. Diagnosis can be challenging because syphilis is "the great imitator" and clinical manifestations are highly variable. Oral manifestations of syphilis are usually seen in the second stage and the primary syphilis in the oral cavity is rare. We describe a heterosexual man with isolated tonsillar lesions initially misdiagnosed as pharyngeal lymphoma and subsequently diagnosed as primary syphilis. Clinicians should be aware that isolated oropharyngeal involvement can occur in the primary syphilis and can mimic a neoplasm.

Oral manifestations of syphilis: an epidemiological study in southern Brazil.

Syphilis is an infectious, sexually transmitted disease with varied oral manifestations, that can mimic other lesions. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey of cases of syphilis, diagnosed from oral manifestations, establishing the sociodemographic profile of patients and clinical characteristics of oral lesions. The medical records of patients with oral lesions of syphilis acquired were reviewed, and 109 cases were selected. The mean age of the patients was 34.4years and, of these, 51% were male. In 105 cases, the disease was diagnosed in the secondary stage; in three cases, in the primary stage; and, in one case, in the tertiary stage. The cases of primary syphilis presented as single and ulcerated nodules, and the case of tertiary syphilis, as a necrotic lesion in the palate. In 86% of cases of secondary syphilis, there were multicentric lesions, presenting as grayish-white plaques (85%), associated or not with erosive and/or ulcerated lesions (33%), mostly affecting the labial mucosa and tongue. In 91.7% of cases painful symptoms were reported. Considering the increase in syphilis, it is extremely important that dentists recognize its oral manifestations, because early diagnosis and treatment can minimize the risks of complications and transmission.

Oral Manifestations of Syphilis: a Review of the Clinical and Histopathologic Characteristics of a Reemerging Entity with Report of 19 New Cases.

Syphilis is a sexually-transmitted infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Cases of primary and secondary syphilis are on the rise in the United States, with a 14.4% increase in new cases noted from 2017 to 2018 and an escalation of 71% between the years 2014 and 2018. Fulfilling its nickname of "the great imitator," oral manifestations of syphilis may mimic a variety of infectious, neoplastic, or immune-mediated processes, both clinically and histopathologically. This large spectrum of appearances can create a diagnostic challenge to the clinician and/or pathologist, leading to delay in diagnosis or misdiagnosis. A database of oral syphilis cases was created from archives at the University of Kentucky, University of Pittsburgh, LIJMC, Columbia University MC, and University of Tennessee. The age, sex, race, location, duration, and clinical description were recorded. Cases without positive reaction upon immunohistochemistry or serologic tests were excluded. We identified 19 new cases of oral syphilis (17 males, one female, and one case unknown sex) and described the clinical and histopathological features of this re-emerging and potentially fatal disease. All cases demonstrated dense lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, often with inflammatory exocytosis or ulceration at the surface, and perivascular inflammation. Early recognition of the histopathologic and clinical manifestations of oral syphilis is imperative for prompt diagnosis, improved patient outcomes, and disease prevention.

ORAL FINDINGS IN SECONDARY SYPHILIS

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease. However, there are hematogenous and vertical transmissions. All health care professionals must be aware of the manifestations of this condition, such as oral lesions. This study aims to analyze and compare 4 clinical cases of syphilis diagnosed based on lesions in the oral cavity with the current published literature. Four patients with a confirmed serologic and clinical diagnosis of syphilis, and confirmed manifestation of oral lesions, were evaluated. Lesions were found on the lips, tongue, and skin. However, there were also lesions on the hard palate and labial commissure, which correspond to less than 5% of the syphilis oral manifestations. The practice of unprotected oral sex may result in infection and development of syphilis. The knowledge of the oral manifestations of syphilis is of major importance, the association of clinical features, histopathologic findings, and serologic tests are required to complete the diagnosis and correct treatment.

Manifestaciones orales de la sífilis. Caso clínico

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Oral manifestations of syphilis are not frequent but may occur in all stages simulating other diseases, delaying diagnosis and treatment. We describe the case of a patient with oral lesions as a manifestation of secondary syphilis. Discussion: oral manifestations of syphilis may mimic other more common oral mucosa lesions, going undiagnosed and with no proper treatment. Although oral lesions may manifest at all stages, are mainly associated with secondary syphilis. The diagnosis is usually made through serologic tests, however that suspicion needs to be maintained by the clinical and histologic findings. Conclusion: Given the increasing incidence of syphilis, it remains a public health problem worldwide and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oral lesions in sexually active patients.

The Importance of the Differential Diagnosis in the Oral Manifestations of Syphilis and Lichen Planus: Case Report

The Importance of the Differential Diagnosis in the Oral Manifestations of Syphilis and Lichen Planus: Case Report

Oral manifestations of syphilis: Clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis and serologic profile of patients with syphilis in the oral cavity

Oral manifestations of syphilis: Clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis and serologic profile of patients with syphilis in the oral cavity

Oral manifestations of secondary syphilis in the elderly – a timely reminder for dentists

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Cases of syphilis have increased in frequency and are challenging when affecting the elderly. The main causes of increased prevalence of syphilis are sexual promiscuity, lack of knowledge about the disease and decreasing use of barrier protection. Clinically, the oral manifestation of syphilis may resemble other entities, which hampers the correct diagnosis. We report a case of a 79-year-old male with weight loss and feeding difficulties. In the oral cavity there were ulcerative lesions in the hard palate and bilaterally in the buccal mucosa. The incisional biopsy revealed only a non-specific ulceration of the oral mucosa. After 20days, the patient was re-evaluated and presented maculopapular lesions in the palmar and plantar areas. Positive serological venereal disease reference laboratory (VDRL) tests confirmed the diagnosis of secondary syphilis. The patient was treated with Benzathine penicillin G. After two weeks of treatment the oral lesion disappeared and the patient returned to normal feeding and gained weight. This case report reinforces the need to alert physicians and dentists to include sexually transmitted infections such as syphilis in the differential diagnosis of oral ulcerative lesions in elderly sexually active patients.

Oral Syphilis: a retrospective analysis of 12 cases and a review of the literature

To present a retrospective analysis of multicentre case series of oral syphilis and a review of relevant literature. A PUBMED search was carried out from 1950 to 2011. Clinical records of patients with exclusive/prevalent oral manifestations of syphilis were collected and examined in three independent hospitals. Of 23 reports describing 34 patients were detected through the review (35% primary, 56% secondary, and 9% tertiary disease), describing unspecific ulcers (59%), mucosal patches (23%), keratosis (6%), pseudomembranes (3%), and gumma (9%). Multicentre case series revealed 12 patients with oral syphilis, of which 17%, 58%, and 25% with, respectively, primary, secondary, and tertiary lesions. Clinically, patients showed white patches (17%), blistering mucositis (8%), chronic unspecific ulcers with/without skin lesions (50%), gumma (17%), and necrosis of the dorsum of the tongue (8%). Oral bullae and tongue necrosis are never described in the current review. Diagnosis of syphilis remains a challenge because of the multiform and polymorphous clinical pattern at onset and its ability to imitate different diseases. It is mandatory to include syphilis in the differential diagnosis of unusual oral lesions. Diagnosis of oral lesions of syphilis is often difficult, and biopsy is required in controversial cases.

Otolaryngologic manifestations of acquired syphilis

Patients with syphilis may go to an otolaryngologist for their initial evaluation. Given that the incidence of syphilis is increasing, otolaryngologists should be aware of the various presenting signs and symptoms. We describe here two patients who had oral manifestations of syphilis at presentation and review the natural history of the disease and the associated diagnostic and treatment options.

Oral secondary syphilis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection

This report describes a case of secondary syphilis in a patient with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in whom the main clinical presentation of the disease was an extensive oral lesion. Few reports in the literature have focused on oral manifestations of syphilis in HIV-infected patients; most of these reports have dealt with a rare manifestation of secondary syphilis, the ulceronodular variety or lues maligna. However, in the case reported here the lesions were painless, smooth, white, oral plaques and papules on an erythematous base with a serpentine and reddish outline corresponding to the description of mucous patches. The differential diagnosis of this lesion may include oral squamous carcinoma, leukoplakia, erythroleukoplakia, candidosis, lichen planus, and granulomatous diseases. This case report emphasizes the importance of considering secondary syphilis in the differential diagnosis of oral lesions in HIV-infected patients, reinforces the importance of follow-up on the patient, and highlights the consideration for routine serologic testing for syphilis in all HIV-infected patients.